Ƙirƙirar Sabuwar Filament Mai Watsa Haske don Ƙirar Ƙirar 3D na Scintillators na Filastik

2.1. Abubuwan da Filament ya Ƙunshi da Ƙirƙirarsa

Babban ƙirƙira yana cikin abubuwan da filament ya ƙunshi. Polymers na tushe sune PC da PMMA, waɗanda aka zaɓa saboda yanayin zafi da injiniyancin su wanda ya dace da FDM. Don cimma babban, watsa haske, waɗannan polymers an ɗora su da wakilai masu watsawa:

• Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂): Wani farin launi mai watsa haske sosai wanda ke ba da cibiyoyin watsawa na farko.
• Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE): An ƙara don ƙara haɓaka watsa haske da yuwuwar inganta mannewar Layer da kaddarorin saman.

2.2. Tsarin Auna Halayen Gani

An kimanta aikin gani na samfuran watsa haske da aka buga. An yi amfani da tsari na musamman don auna:

• Jimlar Watsa Haske: Kaso na hasken da ya faru wanda samfurin ya watsa a cikin kewayon tsayin daka mai dacewa (mai yuwuwar ya dace da bakan fitar da scintillator).
• Wucewa: Kaso na hasken da ke wucewa ta samfurin, wanda yakamata ya zama ƙarami don mai watsa haske mai inganci.

2.3. Ƙirƙirar Samfuri da Gwajin Ray na Sararin Samaniya

An ƙirƙiri samfurin scintillator na filastik mai rarrabuwa 3D mai aiki don tabbatar da ra'ayin. Mai yiwuwa ƙirar ta ƙunshi tsari mai matsewa biyu ko matakai da yawa:

1. Buga matrix/grid na watsa haske na tsari ta amfani da sabuwar filament mai farin haske.
2. Cika ramuka a cikin wannan matrix tare da kayan scintillator na ruwa, mai yiwuwa ta amfani da dabarar da ta yi kama da Tsarin Ƙirar Haɗe-haɗe (FIM) kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin taƙaitaccen bayani.

• Yawan Haske: Adadin hasken scintillation da aka tattara a kowane cube, wanda ke nuna ingancin mai gano.
• Tsangwama na Gani: Kashi na siginar haske da aka gano a cikin maƙwabcin cube, wanda ba a buga ba, wanda ke rage ƙayyadaddun sarari.

3.1. Ma'aunin Watsa Haske da Wucewa

Ƙayyadaddun halayen gani ya tabbatar da ingancin haɗin PC/PMMA+TiO₂+PTFE. Layer na watsa haske da aka buga sun nuna babban jimlar watsa haske da ƙaramin wucewa sosai, suna tabbatar da dacewarsu azaman masu ware gani. An gano mafi kyawun abun ciki da kauri na Layer na 1 mm, yana ba da daidaito tsakanin aikin gani da ingancin injiniya / bugawa.

3.2. Ayyukan Yawan Haske da Tsangwama na Gani

Gwaje-gwajen ray na sararin samaniya akan samfurin da aka buga na 3D sun haifar da sakamako masu ban sha'awa:

• Daidaitaccen Yawan Haske: Fitowar haske ta kasance daidai a cikin cubes daban-daban a cikin matrix mai rarrabuwa, yana nuna daidaiton bugu da tsarin cikawa.
• Ƙananan Tsangwama na Gani: An auna tsangwama na gani ya zama ƙasa da 2% don matrix tare da bangon watsa haske da aka buga mai kauri 1 mm. Wannan babban ci gaba ne akan yunƙurin da suka gabata kuma ana ɗaukarsa mai karɓuwa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haɗa bin diddigin barbashi da auna zafi.
• Daidaiton Aiki: An gano cikakken aikin na'urar gano da aka buga na 3D yana kama da na daidaitattun na'urori masu gano scintillator na filastik, yayin da yake ba da fa'idodin asali na rarrabuwa da 'yancin ƙira daga ƙirar ƙari.

4.1. Cikakkun Bayanai na Fasaha da Tsarin Lissafi

Ana iya ƙirƙira ingancin mai watsa haske ta hanyar la'akari da jigilar haske. Wani muhimmin ma'auni shine watsa haske mai watsawa $R_d$, wanda ga kauri mai kauri, matsakaicin watsawa ana iya kusantarsa ta hanyar ka'idar Kubelka-Munk. Ga Layer mai kauri $d$, ana ba da watsa haske ta: $$R \approx \frac{1 - R_g (a - b \coth(b S d))}{a - R_g + b \coth(b S d)}$$ inda $a = 1 + K/S$, $b = \sqrt{a^2 - 1}$, $K$ shine ma'aunin sha, $S$ shine ma'aunin watsawa, kuma $R_g$ shine watsa haske na kayan goyan baya. Don mai watsa haske mai kyau, mai kauri wanda ke goyan bayan cube na scintillator, muna son $R \to 1$ da $K \to 0$. Babban ɗaukar nauyin TiO₂ ($S \gg K$) a cikin matrix na PC/PMMA kai tsaye yana haɓaka $S$, yana motsa $R$ kusa da 1 da rage hasken da aka watsa wanda ke haifar da tsangwama.

Yawan haske $LY$ don sashin scintillator guda ɗaya ana iya bayyana shi kamar haka: $$LY \propto \eta_{scint} \cdot \eta_{coll} \cdot \eta_{det}$$ inda $\eta_{scint}$ shine ingancin scintillation, $\eta_{coll}$ shine ingancin tattara haske, kuma $\eta_{det}$ shine ingancin adadi na photodetector. Mai watsa haske da aka buga kai tsaye yana inganta $\eta_{coll}$ ta hanyar tarko photons na scintillation a cikin tantanin halittar asalinsu ta hanyar cikakken watsa haske na ciki da watsa haske a bangon da aka buga.

4.2. Tsarin Bincike: Matrix na Zaɓin Kayan Aiki

Zaɓin kayan aiki don sassan na'urar gano da aka buga na 3D yana buƙatar daidaita kaddarori da yawa, sau da yawa masu cin karo da juna. Ana iya amfani da tsarin matrix na yanke shawara mai zuwa don kimanta kayan da za a zaɓa don filament mai watsa haske:

Bincike: Zaɓaɓɓen haɗin PC/PMMA yana samun maki sosai a ko'ina. Yana guje wa kuskuren polystyrene (haɗa kayan aiki tare da PS scintillators, kamar yadda aka lura a cikin aikin da ya gabata [19,20]) yayin da yake ba da mafi girman watsa haske ga PMMA tsantsa da kyawawan kaddarorin injiniya daga PC. Wannan tsarin yana ba da hujjar zaɓin kayan aiki a matsayin sulhu mai ƙarfi na injiniya.